Solenoid coil

The solenoid is the general term for a wire coil used as an electromagnet. It also applies to any device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy using an electromagnet. The device generates a magnetic field from electric current and uses a magnetic field to create linear motion. Typical applications of electromagnets are to power a switch, such as a car starter or valve, for example in a sprinkler system.

The solenoid is a simple, durable device that provides an interface between electronics and mechanical actuation in many types of devices. Its components consist of a coil for transferring power and generating ampules. An iron shell or enclosure that provides a magnetic circuit and a movable spindle or rod to act as a workpiece. A solenoid is a corkscrew-shaped coil wrapped around a plunger, often made of iron. As in all electromagnets, a magnetic field is created when the electric current passes through a wire. Electromagnets have advantages over permanent magnets, thanks to which they can be switched on and off by applying or disconnecting electric current, which makes them useful as switches and valves and enables their complete automation.

Like all magnets, the magnetic field of an activated solenoid has positive and negative poles that attract or repel magnet-sensitive material. In the electromagnet, the electromagnetic field causes the piston to move backward or forwards, just as the motion is generated by the electromagnet coil. The main goal in the design of the solenoid is to provide an iron path capable of transferring the maximum magnetic flux density with minimal energy consumption. The task of the solenoid is to obtain the best relationship between the variable turns of the amps and the density of the working stream in the air gap.

Many solenoids have an auxiliary stream path, usually not found in conventional solenoids, which provides a significant increase in strength. The generated magnetic flux depends on the number of windings and the current generated after switching on the coil. The allowable temperature rise limits the amount of input power. The density of the working stream is a total magnetic flux divided by a magnetic field (iron path). The air gap, iron path, bollard, and its contour determine the density of the working stream.

Solenoids are extremely versatile and extremely useful. They are in everything from automated factory equipment to paintball guns and even doorbells. There is a sound in the bell when the metal plunger hits the tonal bar. The force that moves the piston is the magnetic field of the solenoid that receives the electric current when the bell is pressed.